The book is mainly divided into two parts: the first part reviews the development of China-Italy bilateral diplomatic relations by commenting on Pietro Nanni's exchanges with China. Pietro Nenni, former Deputy Prime Minister of Italy , visited China in 1955 and 1971, where he met with Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai. In the second part, the author will discuss the exchanges between China and Italy, as well as China and the United States, Europe, and Russia from a current perspective, and analyze various issues that have emerged in today's world, providing an analytical approach to international relations.